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Merged
MattAlp merged 22 commits into from
Jan 16, 2026
Merged

Propagate converted fields through projections #137923

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e5e330c
Propagate synthetic attributes directly through projections
MattAlp Nov 10, 2025
e60ab67
WIP
MattAlp Nov 10, 2025
0b19ab8
Copy/paste error nit
MattAlp Nov 10, 2025
b8e36c2
Catch other copy/paste issue
MattAlp Nov 11, 2025
5dcbf67
WIP projection test
MattAlp Nov 11, 2025
72d52a0
Rewrite synthetic attribute projection test
MattAlp Nov 11, 2025
bc7d1c6
Update docs/changelog/137923.yaml
MattAlp Nov 11, 2025
f95727e
Merge branch 'main' into propagate-converted-fields-thru-projections
MattAlp Nov 11, 2025
9fe0e66
Update x-pack/plugin/esql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/…
MattAlp Dec 22, 2025
b54e75b
Update x-pack/plugin/esql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/…
MattAlp Dec 22, 2025
d54be9d
Update analyzer tests to clean up projection of unsupported expressio…
MattAlp Dec 22, 2025
f48470a
Added testUnionTypesResolvePastProjections to logical plan optimizer …
MattAlp Dec 22, 2025
95af4aa
Create CSV tests for union type casting thru project
MattAlp Dec 22, 2025
d36d60a
Correct the retention & rejection of synthetic & unresolved attributes
MattAlp Dec 23, 2025
f0169ec
Add tests for retention of unsupported & simultaneously-cast fields
MattAlp Dec 23, 2025
44c323f
Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into propagate-converted-f…
MattAlp Dec 23, 2025
ba72a11
Update EsIndex constructors and parser method after merge
MattAlp Dec 23, 2025
c6b2a00
Test-generated diff for inline cast
MattAlp Dec 23, 2025
47cc7f8
Merge branch 'main' into propagate-converted-fields-thru-projections
MattAlp Jan 10, 2026
99fb27a
Merge branch 'main' into propagate-converted-fields-thru-projections
MattAlp Jan 14, 2026
36154ca
Make Project transformation conditional within ResolveUnionTypes
MattAlp Jan 15, 2026
3f41fbd
Merge branch 'main' into propagate-converted-fields-thru-projections
MattAlp Jan 15, 2026
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5 changes: 5 additions & 0 deletions docs/changelog/137923.yaml
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@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
pr: 137923
summary: Propagate converted fields through projections
area: ES|QL
type: bug
issues: []
22 changes: 22 additions & 0 deletions x-pack/plugin/esql/qa/testFixtures/src/main/resources/union_types.csv-spec
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Expand Up @@ -2548,3 +2548,25 @@ true | 1990-08-01T00:00:00.000Z
true | 1990-09-01T00:00:00.000Z
true | 1990-12-01T00:00:00.000Z
;

unionTypesResolvePastProjections
required_capability: union_types
required_capability: casting_operator
required_capability: union_types_resolve_past_projections

FROM apps, apps_short
| KEEP id, name
| MV_EXPAND name
| EVAL id = id::integer
| KEEP id, name
| SORT id ASC, name ASC
| LIMIT 5
;

id:integer | name:keyword
1 | aaaaa
1 | aaaaa
2 | bbbbb
2 | bbbbb
3 | ccccc
;
7 changes: 7 additions & 0 deletions x-pack/plugin/esql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/action/EsqlCapabilities.java
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Expand Up @@ -552,6 +552,13 @@ public enum Cap {
*/
UNION_TYPES_NUMERIC_WIDENING,

/**
* Fix for resolving union type casts past projections (KEEP) and MV_EXPAND operations.
* Ensures that casting a union type field works correctly when the field has been projected
* and expanded through MV_EXPAND. See #137923
*/
UNION_TYPES_RESOLVE_PAST_PROJECTIONS,

/**
* Fix a parsing issue where numbers below Long.MIN_VALUE threw an exception instead of parsing as doubles.
* see <a href="https://github.com/elastic/elasticsearch/issues/104323"> Parsing large numbers is inconsistent #104323 </a>
Expand Down
36 changes: 28 additions & 8 deletions x-pack/plugin/esql/src/main/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/analysis/Analyzer.java
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Expand Up @@ -2109,7 +2109,7 @@ private LogicalPlan doRule(LogicalPlan plan, List<Attribute.IdIgnoringWrapper> u
* and thereby get used in FieldExtractExec
*/
private static LogicalPlan addGeneratedFieldsToEsRelations(LogicalPlan plan, List<FieldAttribute> unionFieldAttributes) {
return plan.transformDown(EsRelation.class, esr -> {
var res = plan.transformDown(EsRelation.class, esr -> {
List<Attribute> missing = new ArrayList<>();
for (FieldAttribute fa : unionFieldAttributes) {
// Using outputSet().contains looks by NameId, resp. uses semanticEquals.
Expand All @@ -2123,6 +2123,25 @@ private static LogicalPlan addGeneratedFieldsToEsRelations(LogicalPlan plan, Lis
}
return esr;
});
if (res.equals(plan) == false) {
res = res.transformUp(Project.class, p -> {
List<Attribute> syntheticAttributesToCarryOver = new ArrayList<>();
for (Attribute attr : p.inputSet()) {
if (attr.synthetic() && p.outputSet().contains(attr) == false) {
syntheticAttributesToCarryOver.add(attr);
}
}

if (syntheticAttributesToCarryOver.isEmpty()) {
return p;
}

List<NamedExpression> newProjections = new ArrayList<>(p.projections());
newProjections.addAll(syntheticAttributesToCarryOver);
return new Project(p.source(), p.child(), newProjections);
});
}
return res;
}

private Expression resolveConvertFunction(ConvertFunction convert, List<Attribute.IdIgnoringWrapper> unionFieldAttributes) {
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -2286,16 +2305,17 @@ private static Expression typeSpecificConvert(ConvertFunction convert, Source so
*/
private static class UnionTypesCleanup extends Rule<LogicalPlan, LogicalPlan> {
public LogicalPlan apply(LogicalPlan plan) {
LogicalPlan planWithCheckedUnionTypes = plan.transformUp(

// We start by dropping synthetic attributes if the plan is resolved
LogicalPlan cleanPlan = plan.resolved() ? planWithoutSyntheticAttributes(plan) : plan;

// If not, we apply checkUnresolved to the field attributes of the original plan, resulting in unsupported attributes
// This removes attributes such as converted types if they are aliased, but retains them otherwise, while also guaranteeing that
// unsupported / unresolved fields can be explicitly retained
return cleanPlan.transformUp(
LogicalPlan.class,
p -> p.transformExpressionsOnly(FieldAttribute.class, UnionTypesCleanup::checkUnresolved)
);

// To drop synthetic attributes at the end, we need to compute the plan's output.
// This is only legal to do if the plan is resolved.
return planWithCheckedUnionTypes.resolved()
? planWithoutSyntheticAttributes(planWithCheckedUnionTypes)
: planWithCheckedUnionTypes;
}

static Attribute checkUnresolved(FieldAttribute fa) {
Expand Down
102 changes: 102 additions & 0 deletions x-pack/plugin/esql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/analysis/AnalyzerTests.java
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Expand Up @@ -119,6 +119,7 @@
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.time.Period;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.Map;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -4510,6 +4511,107 @@ public void testBucketWithIntervalInStringInGroupingReferencedInAggregation() {
assertEquals(oneYear, literal);
}

public void testProjectionForUnionTypeResolution() {
LinkedHashMap<String, Set<String>> typesToIndices = new LinkedHashMap<>();
typesToIndices.put("keyword", Set.of("union_index_1"));
typesToIndices.put("integer", Set.of("union_index_2"));

EsField idField = new InvalidMappedField("id", typesToIndices);
EsField fooField = new EsField("foo", DataType.KEYWORD, Map.of(), true, EsField.TimeSeriesFieldType.NONE);

EsIndex index = new EsIndex(
"union_index*",
Map.of("id", idField, "foo", fooField), // Updated mapping keys
Map.of("union_index_1", IndexMode.STANDARD, "union_index_2", IndexMode.STANDARD),
Map.of(),
Map.of(),
Set.of()
);
IndexResolution resolution = IndexResolution.valid(index);
Analyzer analyzer = analyzer(resolution);

String query = "FROM union_index* | KEEP id, foo | MV_EXPAND foo | EVAL id = id::keyword";
LogicalPlan plan = analyze(query, analyzer);

Project project = as(plan, Project.class);
Eval eval = as(project.child().children().getFirst(), Eval.class);
FieldAttribute convertedFa = as(eval.output().get(1), FieldAttribute.class);

// The synthetic field used for the conversion should be propagated through intermediate nodes (like MV_EXPAND) but ultimately
// stripped from the final output, leaving only the aliased 'id' and 'foo'.
verifyNameAndType(convertedFa.name(), convertedFa.dataType(), "$$id$converted_to$keyword", KEYWORD);

eval.forEachDown(Project.class, p -> {
if (p.inputSet().contains(convertedFa)) {
assertTrue(p.outputSet().contains(convertedFa));
}
});

var output = plan.output();
assertThat(output, hasSize(2));

var fooAttr = output.getFirst();
var idAttr = output.getLast();
assertThat(fooAttr.dataType(), equalTo(KEYWORD));
assertThat(idAttr.dataType(), equalTo(KEYWORD));
assertThat(idAttr.name(), equalTo("id"));
}

public void testExplicitRetainOriginalFieldWithCast() {
// Use the existing union index fixture (id has keyword/integer union types)
LinkedHashMap<String, Set<String>> typesToIndices = new LinkedHashMap<>();
typesToIndices.put("keyword", Set.of("test1"));
typesToIndices.put("integer", Set.of("test2"));
EsField idField = new InvalidMappedField("id", typesToIndices);
EsIndex index = new EsIndex(
"union_index*",
Map.of("id", idField),
Map.of("test1", IndexMode.STANDARD, "test2", IndexMode.STANDARD),
Map.of(),
Map.of(),
Set.of()
);
IndexResolution resolution = IndexResolution.valid(index);
Analyzer analyzer = analyzer(resolution);

String query = """
FROM union_index*
| KEEP id
| EVAL x = id::long
""";
LogicalPlan plan = analyze(query, analyzer);

Project topProject = as(plan, Project.class);
var projections = topProject.projections();
assertThat(projections, hasSize(2));
assertThat(projections.get(0).name(), equalTo("id"));
assertThat(projections.get(0).dataType(), equalTo(UNSUPPORTED));

ReferenceAttribute xRef = as(projections.get(1), ReferenceAttribute.class);
assertThat(xRef.name(), equalTo("x"));
assertThat(xRef.dataType(), equalTo(LONG));

Limit limit = as(topProject.child(), Limit.class);
Eval eval = as(limit.child(), Eval.class);
Alias xAlias = as(eval.fields().get(0), Alias.class);
assertThat(xAlias.name(), equalTo("x"));
FieldAttribute syntheticFieldAttr = as(xAlias.child(), FieldAttribute.class);
assertThat(syntheticFieldAttr.name(), equalTo("$$id$converted_to$long"));
assertThat(xRef, is(xAlias.toAttribute()));

Project innerProject = as(eval.child(), Project.class);
EsRelation relation = as(innerProject.child(), EsRelation.class);
assertEquals("union_index*", relation.indexPattern());
var relationOutput = relation.output();
assertThat(relationOutput, hasSize(2));
assertThat(relationOutput.get(0).name(), equalTo("id"));
assertThat(relationOutput.get(0).dataType(), equalTo(UNSUPPORTED));
var syntheticField = relationOutput.get(1);
assertThat(syntheticField.name(), equalTo("$$id$converted_to$long"));
assertThat(syntheticField.dataType(), equalTo(LONG));
assertThat(syntheticFieldAttr.id(), equalTo(syntheticField.id()));
}

public void testImplicitCastingForDateAndDateNanosFields() {
IndexResolution indexWithUnionTypedFields = indexWithDateDateNanosUnionType();
Analyzer analyzer = AnalyzerTestUtils.analyzer(indexWithUnionTypedFields);
Expand Down
33 changes: 33 additions & 0 deletions ...c/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/optimizer/AbstractLogicalPlanOptimizerTests.java
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Expand Up @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
import org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.analysis.EnrichResolution;
import org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.analysis.MutableAnalyzerContext;
import org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.core.type.EsField;
import org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.core.type.InvalidMappedField;
import org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.expression.function.EsqlFunctionRegistry;
import org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.index.EsIndex;
import org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.index.EsIndexGenerator;
Expand All @@ -26,6 +27,7 @@
import org.junit.BeforeClass;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -64,6 +66,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractLogicalPlanOptimizerTests extends ESTestCase {
protected static Map<String, EsField> metricMapping;
protected static Analyzer metricsAnalyzer;
protected static Analyzer multiIndexAnalyzer;
protected static Analyzer unionIndexAnalyzer;
protected static Analyzer sampleDataIndexAnalyzer;
protected static Analyzer subqueryAnalyzer;
protected static Map<String, EsField> mappingBaseConversion;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -217,6 +220,32 @@ public static void init() {
TEST_VERIFIER
);

// Create a union index with conflicting types (keyword vs integer) for field 'id'
LinkedHashMap<String, Set<String>> typesToIndices = new LinkedHashMap<>();
typesToIndices.put("keyword", Set.of("test1"));
typesToIndices.put("integer", Set.of("test2"));
EsField idField = new InvalidMappedField("id", typesToIndices);
EsField fooField = new EsField("foo", KEYWORD, emptyMap(), true, EsField.TimeSeriesFieldType.NONE);
var unionIndex = new EsIndex(
"union_index*",
Map.of("id", idField, "foo", fooField),
Map.of("test1", IndexMode.STANDARD, "test2", IndexMode.STANDARD),
Map.of(),
Map.of(),
Set.of()
);
unionIndexAnalyzer = new Analyzer(
testAnalyzerContext(
EsqlTestUtils.TEST_CFG,
new EsqlFunctionRegistry(),
indexResolutions(unionIndex),
defaultLookupResolution(),
enrichResolution,
emptyInferenceResolution()
),
TEST_VERIFIER
);

var sampleDataMapping = loadMapping("mapping-sample_data.json");
var sampleDataIndex = new EsIndex(
"sample_data",
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -313,6 +342,10 @@ protected LogicalPlan planMultiIndex(String query) {
return logicalOptimizer.optimize(multiIndexAnalyzer.analyze(parser.parseQuery(query)));
}

protected LogicalPlan planUnionIndex(String query) {
return logicalOptimizer.optimize(unionIndexAnalyzer.analyze(parser.parseQuery(query)));
}

protected LogicalPlan planSample(String query) {
var analyzed = sampleDataIndexAnalyzer.analyze(parser.parseQuery(query));
return logicalOptimizer.optimize(analyzed);
Expand Down
93 changes: 93 additions & 0 deletions .../esql/src/test/java/org/elasticsearch/xpack/esql/optimizer/LogicalPlanOptimizerTests.java
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Expand Up @@ -203,7 +203,9 @@
import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.core.type.DataType.GEO_POINT;
import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.core.type.DataType.INTEGER;
import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.core.type.DataType.KEYWORD;
import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.core.type.DataType.LONG;
import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.core.type.DataType.TEXT;
import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.core.type.DataType.UNSUPPORTED;
import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.expression.predicate.operator.comparison.EsqlBinaryComparison.BinaryComparisonOperation.EQ;
import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.expression.predicate.operator.comparison.EsqlBinaryComparison.BinaryComparisonOperation.GT;
import static org.elasticsearch.xpack.esql.expression.predicate.operator.comparison.EsqlBinaryComparison.BinaryComparisonOperation.GTE;
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -9855,6 +9857,97 @@ public void testFullTextFunctionOnEvalNull() {
assertEquals("test", relation.indexPattern());
}

/**
* Project[[foo{r}#12, $$id$converted_to$keyword{f$}#13 AS id#9]]
* \_Limit[1000[INTEGER],true,false]
* \_MvExpand[foo{f}#11,foo{r}#12]
* \_Project[[!id, foo{f}#11, $$id$converted_to$keyword{f$}#13]]
* \_Limit[1000[INTEGER],false,false]
* \_EsRelation[union_index*][foo{f}#11, !id, $$id$converted_to$keyword{f$}#13]
*/
public void testUnionTypesResolvePastProjections() {
LogicalPlan plan = planUnionIndex("""
FROM union_index*
| KEEP id, foo
| MV_EXPAND foo
| EVAL id = id::keyword
""");

Project topProject = as(plan, Project.class);
var topOutput = topProject.output();
assertThat(topOutput, hasSize(2));

var idAttr = topOutput.get(1);
assertThat(idAttr.name(), equalTo("id"));

// The id attribute should be a ReferenceAttribute that references the converted field
ReferenceAttribute idRef = as(idAttr, ReferenceAttribute.class);
assertThat(idRef.dataType(), equalTo(KEYWORD));

Limit limit1 = asLimit(topProject.child(), 1000, true);
MvExpand mvExpand = as(limit1.child(), MvExpand.class);

Project innerProject = as(mvExpand.child(), Project.class);
var innerOutput = innerProject.output();
assertThat(innerOutput, hasSize(3));
assertThat(Expressions.names(innerOutput), containsInAnyOrder("id", "foo", "$$id$converted_to$keyword"));

Limit limit2 = asLimit(innerProject.child(), 1000, false);
EsRelation relation = as(limit2.child(), EsRelation.class);
assertEquals("union_index*", relation.indexPattern());

var relationOutput = relation.output();
assertThat(relationOutput, hasSize(3));

assertThat(relationOutput.get(0).name(), equalTo("foo"));
assertThat(relationOutput.get(0).dataType(), equalTo(KEYWORD));

assertThat(relationOutput.get(1).name(), equalTo("id"));
assertThat(relationOutput.get(1).dataType(), equalTo(UNSUPPORTED));

assertThat(relationOutput.get(2).name(), equalTo("$$id$converted_to$keyword"));
assertThat(relationOutput.get(2).dataType(), equalTo(KEYWORD));
}

/**
* Project[[!id, $$id$converted_to$long{f$}#9 AS x#6]]
* \_Limit[1000[INTEGER],false,false]
* \_EsRelation[union_index*][foo{f}#7, !id, $$id$converted_to$long{f$}#9]
*/
public void testExplicitRetainOriginalFieldWithCast() {
LogicalPlan plan = planUnionIndex("""
FROM union_index*
| KEEP id
| EVAL x = id::long
""");

Project topProject = as(plan, Project.class);
var projections = topProject.projections();
assertThat(projections, hasSize(2));
assertThat(projections.get(0).name(), equalTo("id"));
assertThat(projections.get(0).dataType(), equalTo(UNSUPPORTED));

Alias xAlias = as(projections.get(1), Alias.class);
assertThat(xAlias.name(), equalTo("x"));
assertThat(xAlias.dataType(), equalTo(LONG));
FieldAttribute syntheticFieldAttr = as(xAlias.child(), FieldAttribute.class);
assertThat(syntheticFieldAttr.name(), equalTo("$$id$converted_to$long"));
ReferenceAttribute xRef = as(topProject.output().get(1), ReferenceAttribute.class);
assertThat(xRef, is(xAlias.toAttribute()));

Limit limit = asLimit(topProject.child(), 1000, false);
EsRelation relation = as(limit.child(), EsRelation.class);
assertEquals("union_index*", relation.indexPattern());
var relationOutput = relation.output();
assertThat(relationOutput, hasSize(3));
assertThat(relationOutput.get(1).name(), equalTo("id"));
assertThat(relationOutput.get(1).dataType(), equalTo(UNSUPPORTED));
var syntheticField = relationOutput.get(2);
assertThat(syntheticField.name(), equalTo("$$id$converted_to$long"));
assertThat(syntheticField.dataType(), equalTo(LONG));
assertThat(syntheticFieldAttr.id(), equalTo(syntheticField.id()));
}

/*
* Renaming or shadowing the @timestamp field prior to running stats with TS command is not allowed.
*/
Expand Down