Add description of railway deploy, update docker compose to better align with swarm config

Author: sidpalas

12-deploying-containers/README.md

@@ -1,7 +1,31 @@
 # Deploying containers
 
-So many options!
+One of the major benefits of containerization is that it provides a standard interface that others can use to design their systems. Because of this, TONS of different options are available for deploying containers to the cloud.
 
-- Railway
-- Docker Swarm
-- Kubernetes
+Within AWS alone, Corey Quinn (from the Duckbill Group) noted there are 17 unique ways to run containers (https://www.lastweekinaws.com/blog/the-17-ways-to-run-containers-on-aws/). That was in 2021... the number has probably gone up by now!
+
+We will be deploying in 3 different ways:
+
+## Railway.app
+
+Railway is a relatively new infrastructure company focused on making it as easy as possible for users to deploy applications. They offer automated deployments from GitHub, an intuitive user interface, and even created a technology called Nixpacks (https://nixpacks.com/) which enable you to create a container image automagically (without the need for a Dockerfile). For some situations the nixpacks work seamlessly (for the golang api it worked), for others it can be necessary to specify your own Dockerfile so that you have full control.
+
+Unfortunately there is no way (in Feb 2023) to specify a Docker build context other than the location of the Dockerfile. Also, their build environment didn't support using `--mount=type=cache`. Because of this I created a `Dockerfile.railway` in the `06-building-container-images` directory. To prevent this cluttering the repo, I only included this on the `railway` git branch.
+
+```
+git fetch && git checkout railway # fetch and checkout the railway branch
+```
+
+The deployment configuration is specified via `railway.toml` files, also included on the `railway` git branch.
+
+A specific `nginx-railway.conf` is also used in order to specify public domains of the apis. Within docker compose we use Docker's internal DNS on our bridge network, but Railway doesn't (yet) support private networking so we use the public domains.
+
+The only other consideration is setting the `PORT` environment variable for each service (80 for nginx, 3000 for node, and 8080 for golang).
+
+When we provision a PostgresDB within the project, Railway automatically sets the necessary `DATABASE_URL` environment variable for the other services.
+
+## Docker swarm
+
+
+
+## Kubernetes

12-deploying-containers/Makefile …ploying-containers/docker-swarm/Makefile12-deploying-containers/Makefile renamed to 12-deploying-containers/docker-swarm/Makefile 12-deploying-containers/Makefile renamed to 12-deploying-containers/docker-swarm/Makefile

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+### DOCKER COMPOSE
+
 .PHONY: compose-up
 compose-up:
 	docker compose -f docker-compose-prod.yml up
@@ -7,7 +9,11 @@ compose-up:
 compose-up-d:
 	docker compose -f docker-compose-prod.yml up -d
 
-###
+.PHONY: compose-down
+compose-down:
+	docker compose -f docker-compose-prod.yml down
+
+### DOCKER SWARM
 
 CIVO_SSH:="ssh://ubuntu@212.2.244.220"
 

…oying-containers/docker-compose-prod.yml …ers/docker-swarm/docker-compose-prod.yml12-deploying-containers/docker-compose-prod.yml renamed to 12-deploying-containers/docker-swarm/docker-compose-prod.yml 12-deploying-containers/docker-compose-prod.yml renamed to 12-deploying-containers/docker-swarm/docker-compose-prod.yml

@@ -3,9 +3,13 @@ version: '3.7'
 services:
   client-react-nginx:
     image: sidpalas/devops-directive-docker-course-client-react-nginx:5
+    deploy:
+      mode: replicated
+      replicas: 1
+      update_config:
+        order: start-first
     networks:
       - frontend
-    init: true
     ports:
       - 80:80
     restart: unless-stopped
@@ -17,23 +21,37 @@ services:
       start_period: 10s
   api-node:
     image: sidpalas/devops-directive-docker-course-api-node:8
+    read_only: true
+    deploy:
+      mode: replicated
+      replicas: 1
+      update_config:
+        order: start-first
     networks:
       - frontend
       - backend
+    ports:
+      - 3000:3000
     init: true
     depends_on:
       - db
     environment:
       - DATABASE_URL=postgres://postgres:foobarbaz@db:5432/postgres
     restart: unless-stopped
     healthcheck:
-      test: ["CMD", "node", "src/healthcheck.js"]
+      test: ["CMD", "node", "/usr/src/app/healthcheck.js"]
       interval: 30s
       timeout: 5s
       retries: 3
       start_period: 10s
   api-golang:
     image: sidpalas/devops-directive-docker-course-api-golang:7
+    read_only: true
+    deploy:
+      mode: replicated
+      replicas: 1
+      update_config:
+        order: start-first
     networks:
       - frontend
       - backend
@@ -43,6 +61,8 @@ services:
     environment:
       - DATABASE_URL=postgres://postgres:foobarbaz@db:5432/postgres
     restart: unless-stopped
+    ports:
+      - 8080:8080
     healthcheck:
       test: ["CMD", "/healthcheck"]
       interval: 30s
@@ -53,9 +73,12 @@ services:
     image: postgres:15.1-alpine
     networks:
       - backend
+    ports:
+      - 5432:5432
     volumes:
       - pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data
     environment:
+      - PGUSER=postgres
       - POSTGRES_PASSWORD=foobarbaz
     healthcheck:
       test: ["CMD-SHELL", "pg_isready"]

12-deploying-containers/docker-swarm.yml …containers/docker-swarm/docker-swarm.yml12-deploying-containers/docker-swarm.yml renamed to 12-deploying-containers/docker-swarm/docker-swarm.yml 12-deploying-containers/docker-swarm.yml renamed to 12-deploying-containers/docker-swarm/docker-swarm.yml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 version: '3.7'
 
 services:
-  client-react:
+  client-react-nginx:
     image: sidpalas/devops-directive-docker-course-client-react-nginx:5
     deploy:
       mode: replicated
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ services:
       start_period: 10s
   api-node:
     image: sidpalas/devops-directive-docker-course-api-node:8
+    read_only: true
     deploy:
       mode: replicated
       replicas: 1
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ services:
       start_period: 10s
   api-golang:
     image: sidpalas/devops-directive-docker-course-api-golang:7
+    read_only: true
     deploy:
       mode: replicated
       replicas: 2
@@ -50,6 +52,7 @@ services:
     networks:
       - frontend
       - backend
+    init: true
     environment:
       - DATABASE_URL_FILE=/run/secrets/database-url
     secrets:
@@ -71,6 +74,7 @@ services:
     volumes:
       - pgdata:/var/lib/postgresql/data
     environment:
+      - PGUSER=postgres
       - POSTGRES_PASSWORD_FILE=/run/secrets/postgres-passwd
     secrets:
       - postgres-passwd