dockerfile: Update Go version

FIxes #13780

Author: bep

Dockerfile

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 # Twitter:      https://twitter.com/gohugoio
 # Website:      https://gohugo.io/
 
-ARG GO_VERSION="1.23.2"
+ARG GO_VERSION="1.24.0"
 ARG ALPINE_VERSION="3.20"
 ARG DART_SASS_VERSION="1.79.3"