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Title:
Nine-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Parameter Results
Authors:
Hinshaw, G.; Larson, D.; Komatsu, E.; Spergel, D. N.; Bennett, C. L.; Dunkley, J.; Nolta, M. R.; Halpern, M.; Hill, R. S.; Odegard, N.; Page, L.; Smith, K. M.; Weiland, J. L.; Gold, B.; Jarosik, N.; Kogut, A.; Limon, M.; Meyer, S. S.; Tucker, G. S.; Wollack, E.; Wright, E. L.
Affiliation:
AA(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada ), AB(Department of Physics & Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, USA), AC(Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild Str. 1, D-85741 Garching, Germany ; Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan ; Texas Cosmology Center and Department of Astronomy, University of Texas, Austin, 2511 Speedway, RLM 15.306, Austin, TX 78712, USA), AD(Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (Kavli IPMU, WPI), Todai Institutes for Advanced Study, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa 277-8583, Japan ; Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USA), AE(Department of Physics & Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, USA), AF(Oxford Astrophysics, Denys Wilkinson Building, Keble Road, Oxford, OX1 3RH, UK), AG(Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, 60 St. George St., University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H8, Canada), AH(Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada), AI(ADNET Systems, Inc., 7515 Mission Dr., Suite A100 Lanham, MD 20706, USA), AJ(ADNET Systems, Inc., 7515 Mission Dr., Suite A100 Lanham, MD 20706, USA), AK(Department of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-0708, USA), AL(Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Peyton Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-1001, USA ; Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Waterloo, ON N2L 2Y5, Canada), AM(Department of Physics & Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21218-2686, USA), AN(University of Minnesota, School of Physics & Astronomy, 116 Church Street S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA), AO(Department of Physics, Jadwin Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544-0708, USA), AP(Code 665, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA), AQ(Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory, 550 W. 120th St., Mail Code 5247, New York, NY 10027-6902, USA), AR(Departments of Astrophysics and Physics, KICP and EFI, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA), AS(Department of Physics, Brown University, 182 Hope St., Providence, RI 02912-1843, USA), AT(Code 665, NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA), AU(UCLA Physics & Astronomy, P.O. Box 951547, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1547, USA)
Publication:
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement, Volume 208, Issue 2, article id. 19, 25 pp. (2013). (ApJS Homepage)
Publication Date:
10/2013
Origin:
IOP
Astronomy Keywords:
cosmic background radiation, cosmology: observations, dark matter, early universe, instrumentation: detectors, space vehicles, space vehicles: instruments, telescopes
DOI:
10.1088/0067-0049/208/2/19
Bibliographic Code:
2013ApJS..208...19H

Abstract

We present cosmological parameter constraints based on the final nine-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) data, in conjunction with a number of additional cosmological data sets. The WMAP data alone, and in combination, continue to be remarkably well fit by a six-parameter ΛCDM model. When WMAP data are combined with measurements of the high-l cosmic microwave background anisotropy, the baryon acoustic oscillation scale, and the Hubble constant, the matter and energy densities, Ω b h 2, Ω c h 2, and ΩΛ, are each determined to a precision of ~1.5%. The amplitude of the primordial spectrum is measured to within 3%, and there is now evidence for a tilt in the primordial spectrum at the 5σ level, confirming the first detection of tilt based on the five-year WMAP data. At the end of the WMAP mission, the nine-year data decrease the allowable volume of the six-dimensional ΛCDM parameter space by a factor of 68,000 relative to pre-WMAP measurements. We investigate a number of data combinations and show that their ΛCDM parameter fits are consistent. New limits on deviations from the six-parameter model are presented, for example: the fractional contribution of tensor modes is limited to r < 0.13 (95% CL); the spatial curvature parameter is limited to \Omega _k = -0.0027^{+ 0.0039}_{- 0.0038}; the summed mass of neutrinos is limited to ∑m ν < 0.44 eV (95% CL); and the number of relativistic species is found to lie within N eff = 3.84 ± 0.40, when the full data are analyzed. The joint constraint on N eff and the primordial helium abundance, Y He, agrees with the prediction of standard big bang nucleosynthesis. We compare recent Planck measurements of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect with our seven-year measurements, and show their mutual agreement. Our analysis of the polarization pattern around temperature extrema is updated. This confirms a fundamental prediction of the standard cosmological model and provides a striking illustration of acoustic oscillations and adiabatic initial conditions in the early universe.
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