Rolf Theil Endresen, who documented the Nizaa language

Nizaa is an endangered Mambiloid language spoken in the Adamawa Region of northern Cameroon. Most of the language's speakers live in and around the village of Galim in the department of Faro-et-Déo. Nizaa has a complex sound system with 60 consonant phonemes, eleven tones, and a contrast between oral and nasal vowels. In terms of grammar, it is the only Bantoid language that allows multiple verbal suffixes on one verb. It also is neither a head-initial nor head-final language (the head or main element of a clause appears both before and after its modifiers with roughly equal frequency). Nizaa was first extensively documented in the 1980s by Norwegian linguists Rolf Theil Endresen (pictured) and Bjørghild Kjelsvik. The language is endangered, but the exact number of active speakers is unknown, as the last census of speakers took place in 1985, and a 1983 survey reported drastically different figures. (Full article...)

Seated Rāgarāja

• ... that a 13th-century wooden sculpture (pictured) of the bodhisattva Rāgarāja was carved from the debris of the Great Buddha Hall at Tōdai-ji in Nara, Japan?
• ... that Habib Mousa wrote a song about the village of Enhil to object to the Turkification of Assyrian villages in Tur Abdin?
• ... that the leading engineer during the 1702 siege of Liège was so angered by a colleague's disobedience that he threatened to abandon the siege?
• ... that Antirrhinum barrelieri was split into two species in 1896, the other being Antirrhinum controversum?
• ... that Soebekti Soenarto performed the duties of the governor, vice governor, and provincial secretary of the Special Region of Yogyakarta simultaneously for several weeks in 1998?
• ... that the roof designs of Bukit Gombak and Bukit Batok stations were based on the logo of the Singapore Housing and Development Board?
• ... that actor Rory Gibson was cast on The Young and the Restless despite the producers not liking his initial self-tape?
• ... that A Far Better Thing is a retelling of Charles Dickens's A Tale of Two Cities with fairy changelings?

Yoshinobu Yamamoto

• In baseball, the Los Angeles Dodgers defeat the Toronto Blue Jays to win the World Series (MVP Yoshinobu Yamamoto pictured).
• In baseball, the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks defeat the Hanshin Tigers to win the Japan Series.
• Hurricane Melissa leaves more than 40 people dead across the Caribbean.
• More than 120 people are killed in a police operation in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
• Javier Milei's La Libertad Avanza wins the most seats in the Argentine legislative election.

November 3: Constitution Day in the Dominican Republic (2025); Culture Day in Japan

George II of Greece

• 1534 – The Parliament of England passed the first Act of Supremacy, making King Henry VIII head of the Church of England, supplanting the pope and the Catholic Church.
• 1805 – War of the Third Coalition: The Treaty of Potsdam was signed compelling Prussia to join the coalition if it failed to negotiate peace between Russia and France.
• 1848 – A new constitution drafted by Johan Rudolph Thorbecke was proclaimed, limiting the powers of the Dutch monarchy.
• 1935 – Almost 98 percent of reported votes in a Greek referendum supported the restoration of George II (pictured) as King of the Hellenes.
• 1956 – Suez Crisis: During an invasion of the Gaza Strip, Israeli soldiers shot and killed hundreds of Palestinian refugees and local inhabitants in Khan Yunis.