[9.2](backport #47585) libbeat/processors/translate_ldap_attribute: fix double locking and improve logging

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Proposed commit message

libbeat/processors/translate_ldap_attribute: fix double locking and improve logging

Previously, when findObjectBy was called and the connection was closing,
the reconnect method would both hold the lock and call connect which
attempts to then gain the lock, resulting in a deadlock. Reduce the
level of locking; I believe this can be reduced further, but the
concurrent use protections here are unclear, so I have not gone further.

Also improve debug logging during dial and query.

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• My code follows the style guidelines of this project
• I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• I have made corresponding change to the default configuration files
• I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works. Where relevant, I have used the stresstest.sh script to run them under stress conditions and race detector to verify their stability.
• I have added an entry in ./changelog/fragments using the changelog tool.

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This is an automatic backport of pull request #47585 done by [Mergify](https://mergify.com).

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