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Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center
ExtendedKey
  • See Also
    • Key
    • ColumnKeys
    • ColumnKeyExistsQ
    • Tabular
    • ToTabular
  • Related Guides
    • Tabular Objects
    • See Also
      • Key
      • ColumnKeys
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      • Tabular Objects

ExtendedKey[key1,key2,…]

represents a multilevel column key in a Tabular object.

Details
Details and Options Details and Options
Examples  
Basic Examples  
Scope  
Applications  
Properties & Relations  
See Also
Related Guides
History
Cite this Page
BUILT-IN SYMBOL
  • See Also
    • Key
    • ColumnKeys
    • ColumnKeyExistsQ
    • Tabular
    • ToTabular
  • Related Guides
    • Tabular Objects
    • See Also
      • Key
      • ColumnKeys
      • ColumnKeyExistsQ
      • Tabular
      • ToTabular
    • Related Guides
      • Tabular Objects

ExtendedKey

ExtendedKey[key1,key2,…]

represents a multilevel column key in a Tabular object.

Details

  • ExtendedKey is used in functions such as Part to access values in Association objects or columns in Tabular objects.
  • ExtendedKey is typeset stacking the keyi as different levels of the column header. Shared upper keys will be typeset spanning the columns.

Examples

open all close all

Basic Examples  (1)

Create a Tabular object with columns using ExtendedKey:

Wolfram Language code: data = {{TimeObject[{3, 45}, "Minute"], "fox", TimeObject[{4, 21}, "Minute"], "lynx"}, {TimeObject[{1, 33}, "Minute"], "deer", TimeObject[{2, 3}, "Minute"], "fox"}}; keys = {ExtendedKey["obs A", "time"], ExtendedKey["obs A", "species"], ExtendedKey["obs B", "time"], ExtendedKey["obs B", "species"]};
Wolfram Language code: tab = Tabular[data, keys]

Extract the column keys:

Wolfram Language code: ColumnKeys[tab]

Extract the columns corresponding to "obs A":

Wolfram Language code: tab[All, ExtendedKey["obs A", _]]

Scope  (2)

Take a Tabular object with ExtendedKey column keys:

Wolfram Language code: tab = Tabular[...]

Extract one column as a TabularColumn object:

Wolfram Language code: tab[All, ExtendedKey["male", "age"]]

Extract the same column as another Tabular object:

Wolfram Language code: tab[All, {ExtendedKey["male", "age"]}]

ExtendedKey[…,key] can be shortened to key if this uniquely identifies the column:

Wolfram Language code: tab[All, {"age"}]

Take a Tabular object with ExtendedKey column keys:

Wolfram Language code: tab = Tabular[...]

Extract all columns sharing the specified keys:

Wolfram Language code: tab[All, ExtendedKey["female", _]]
Wolfram Language code: tab[All, ExtendedKey[_, "name"]]

Using patterns in ExtendedKey is interpreted as producing a list of keys, even if only one:

Wolfram Language code: tab[All, ExtendedKey[_, "age"]]

None of the column keys matches this structure:

Wolfram Language code: tab[All, ExtendedKey[_, "foo"]]

Applications  (2)

Take a Tabular object of Palmer penguin data:

Wolfram Language code: penguins = ResourceData["Sample Tabular Data: Palmer Penguins"]

ExtendedKey is created by PivotTable when pivoting on more than one column:

Wolfram Language code: pt = PivotTable[penguins, Length[#species]&, {"year"}, {"species", "sex"}]
Wolfram Language code: ColumnKeys[pt]

Use ExtendedKey in column transformation:

Wolfram Language code: ConstructColumns[pt, {"year", "females" -> Function[#[ExtendedKey["Adelie", "female"]] + #[ExtendedKey["Gentoo", "female"]] + #[ExtendedKey["Chinstrap", "female"]]]}]

Take a Tabular object of Palmer penguin data:

Wolfram Language code: penguins = ResourceData["Sample Tabular Data: Palmer Penguins"]

ExtendedKey is created by PivotTable when pivoting on more than one column:

Wolfram Language code: pt = PivotTable[penguins, Length[#species]&, {"sex"}, {"species", "island"}]

Find all column keys for "Adelie" penguins:

Wolfram Language code: adelie = ColumnKeys[pt, MatchQ[#ColumnKey, ExtendedKey["Adelie", _]]&]

Create a "Total" column for all "Adelie" penguins from three islands:

Wolfram Language code: TransformColumns[pt, {"sex", ExtendedKey["Adelie", "Total"] -> Function[Total[# /@ adelie]]}]

Properties & Relations  (4)

ExtendedKey is stripped in associations when containing only one key:

Wolfram Language code: <|ExtendedKey["a"] -> "foo"|>

The symbol remains when containing several keys:

Wolfram Language code: <|ExtendedKey["a", "b"] -> "foo"|>

Key lookup in associations requires exact matching:

Wolfram Language code: assoc = <|"a" -> "foo", Key["b"] -> "bar"|>
Wolfram Language code: {assoc["a"], assoc["b"], assoc[Key["a"]], assoc[Key["b"]]}

Using ExtendedKey succeeds in all four cases:

Wolfram Language code: assoc = <|"a" -> "foo", ExtendedKey["b"] -> "bar"|>
Wolfram Language code: {assoc["a"], assoc["b"], assoc[ExtendedKey["a"]], assoc[ExtendedKey["b"]]}

ExtendedKey has Flat attribute:

Wolfram Language code: Attributes[ExtendedKey]

Nested ExtendedKey wrappers will therefore be automatically flattened:

Wolfram Language code: ExtendedKey[ExtendedKey["a", "b"], "c"]

Key always takes one argument:

Wolfram Language code: key = Key["k"]

ExtendedKey can take more than one argument:

Wolfram Language code: ekey = ExtendedKey["a", "b", "c"]

Both keys can then be used to address their values:

Wolfram Language code: assoc = <|key -> "foo", ekey -> "bar"|>;
Wolfram Language code: assoc[key]
Wolfram Language code: assoc[ekey]

See Also

Key  ColumnKeys  ColumnKeyExistsQ  Tabular  ToTabular

Related Guides

    ▪
  • Tabular Objects

History

Introduced in 2025 (14.2)

Wolfram Research (2025), ExtendedKey, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ExtendedKey.html.

Text

Wolfram Research (2025), ExtendedKey, Wolfram Language function, https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ExtendedKey.html.

CMS

Wolfram Language. 2025. "ExtendedKey." Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Wolfram Research. https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ExtendedKey.html.

APA

Wolfram Language. (2025). ExtendedKey. Wolfram Language & System Documentation Center. Retrieved from https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ExtendedKey.html

BibTeX

@misc{reference.wolfram_2026_extendedkey, author="Wolfram Research", title="{ExtendedKey}", year="2025", howpublished="\url{https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ExtendedKey.html}", note=[Accessed: 01-September-2026]}

BibLaTeX

@online{reference.wolfram_2026_extendedkey, organization={Wolfram Research}, title={ExtendedKey}, year={2025}, url={https://reference.wolfram.com/language/ref/ExtendedKey.html}, note=[Accessed: 01-September-2026]}

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